中英對照讀新聞》Human activity behind nearly all warming：study 研究：暖化幾乎全是人禍

新研究指出，全球暖化幾乎都是人為排放造成。（美聯社檔案照）

◎陳成良

Virtually all global warming since the industrial era is caused by manmade emissions, according to research published Monday that concludes Earth’s natural processes contribute only "negligibly" to climate change.

週一公布的一項研究指出，自工業時代以來，全球暖化幾乎都是人為排放造成，地球自然進程對氣候變遷造成的影響堪稱「微不足道」。

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Near-surface air temperatures have increased on average around the world just over one degree Celsius since the mid-19th century. That 1C increase has already seen more frequent and powerful extreme weather events such as droughts and floods, as well as superstorms made more deadly by rising seas.

自19世紀中期以來，世界各地近地表氣溫平均升高超過攝氏1度。這1度的增幅已讓諸如乾旱、洪水等極端天氣事件更加頻繁且劇烈，海平面上升也讓超級風暴變得更加致命。

An international team of researchers examined 13 different climate models to simulate expected temperature changes under three main scenarios：one in which just aerosol affected temperature, one where only natural forcings occurred, and another where greenhouse gas emissions are factored in.

一支國際研究團隊檢視13種不同氣候模式，模擬3種主要情況下預期氣溫變化：一是氣溶膠影響氣溫，另一是僅發生自然強迫作用，以及將溫室氣體排放納入考量。

They found that human activity had contributed 0.9-1.3C to global temperatures － exactly consistent with the 1.1C of warming observable today.

他們發現，人類活動造成全球氣溫增加攝氏0.9~1.3度，完全符合現今觀察到的暖化1.1度情況。

新聞辭典

contribute to：片語，有助於，促成，是…的部分原因。contribute，動詞，捐款；投稿；貢獻。例句：He never contributed to the discussion during the meeting.（他開會時從不參與討論。）

scenario︰原指電影劇本，也引申為狀況、可能狀況、演變，如 3 likely scenarios of the event（事件3種可能的演變）。

consistent：形容詞，一致的、相符的。例句：The two statements are not consistent.（這兩篇聲明並不一致。）

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